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Trees gallery - Hutton in the Forest - page 1
Near Penrith, Cumbria
Hutton Hall at Hutton in the Forest is the home of Lord and Lady Inglewood, and is open to the public on selected days, with free admission to Historic Houses members. They have a wonderful mature walled garden, and also many acres of woodland, in which they have created a woodland walk, and provided a list of the key specimen trees. They list three categories - "the big broad leaved trees, mainly beech, oak and lime, many of which are over 200 years old and nearing the end of their lives. Some are blowing over. 2 The big conifers, some of which are 150 years old and in their prime. 3 Mixed broadleaves and conifers, planted more recently. As the conifers (softwoods) generally grow faster, it is necessary to prevent broadleaves (hardwoods) being overwhelmed by them."
Abies alba
Silver fir
Native to the Mountains of Europe, from the Pyrenees to the Balkans. Introduced to the UK in 1603. Now common in upland woodlands in the W and N. Needles have 2 white bands underneath, giving the silver effect.
Abies grandis
Grand fir
Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres tall, exceptionally 100 m, with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m Probably the largest of the firs. Native to NW North America
Abies Nordmanniana
Caucasian fir
This is a large conifer (55 m) native to mountainous regions in Turkey, Georgia and Russia arond the Black Sea. This one has a large right-angled branch almost forming a second trunk.
Abies procera
Noble fir
A.k.a. red fir and Christmas tree, native to NW USA. Discovered and named by David Douglas in the early 19th century. Glaucous blue-green needles arranged spirally. It can live for 200 years, and grows to 70 metres or more in height.
Acer platanoides
Norway maple
Native to E. and C. Europe and W. Asia. It grows to 20 – 30 m tall with a trunk up to 1.5 m. The bark is grey-brown and shallowly grooved. Unlike many other maples, mature trees do not tend to develop a shaggy bark. It has the classic acer five lobed palmate leaves. Leaf-stalks will ooze a milky sap when squeezed or broken.
Aesculus hippocastanum
Horse chestnut
A relatively small specimen, which could eventually grow to 40 metres in height with a broad canopy. This is early spring, with the signature palm-like leaves emerging, alongside what will become a large spike of flowers.
Araucaria araucana
Monkey puzzle
A native of Chile (a.k.a. Chilean Pine). Tough thick leaves are sharp - hence a puzzle for monkeys. Leaves can last 25 years, and trees for 1000 years.
Buxus sempervivens
Common box
A large box shrub, allowed to grow beyond the usual tightly clipped topiary specimens we see in gardens. Showing its bright yellow small flowered spring blossom between the glossy leaves.
Carpinus betulus
Hornbeam
A deciduous, broadleaf tree. Pale grey bark with vertical markings, and sometimes a short, twisted trunk which develops ridges with age. Mature trees can reach a height of 30m and live for 300 years.
Castanea sativa
Sweet chestnut
A relatively young sweet chestnut growing at the top of the grass terrace. They can live for 700 years, and reach a girth of 2 metres.
Cedrus atlantica
Atlantic cedar
Also called the Atlas cedar, this is a large tree that can grow to 35 metres, and the specimen at Hutton is getting there. It stands on the left of the grassed area looking down from the house to the lake. Cedar cones are egg-shaped, tightly closed with resin until they open and fall apart in triangular flakes.
Cedrus libani
Cedar of Lebanon
Cedar of Lebanon is one of three true cedars commonly found in parkland in Britain, the others being Atlas and Deodar. The Cedar of Lebanon has flat points to the tips of its branches. All three have the classic large barrel-shaped cones. Native to Lebanon, Syria and SE Turkey, it was introduced to Britain in the 17th century.
Cryptomeria japonica
Japanese red cedar
Japanese red cedar can grow to 70 metres. Native to Japan, where it is known as Sugi. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental tree in Britain and elsewhere.
Cupressus arizonica
Arizona cypress
This is a North American species native to the southwestern United States and Mexico. It grows 10 - 25m in height. The globous cones can remain closed for years, only opening after the bearing branch dies.
Juglans regia
Common walnut
Native range is from the Balkans to SW China. It can grow to 35m. Typically it has a short trunk and broad crown, though can be narrower if grown in a woodland situation. The bark is smooth and olive-brown when young, developing fissures and fading to silver-grey with age. Twigs are stout, green and curving.
Liriodendron tulipifera
Tulip tree
Native to N America. The name reflects their large flowers superficially resembling tulips. A.k.a. tulip poplar or yellow poplar, and the wood simply as "poplar", although not closely related to the true poplars. Other common names include canoewood, saddle-leaf tree, and white wood. A large tree, 18–60 m high and 60–120 cm in diameter. Leaves are distinctive, having four lobes in most cases and a cross-cut notched or straight apex. Leaf size varies from 8–22 cm long and 6–25 cm wide.
Malus domestica
Apple - Beauty of Bath
Beauty of bath is an old-fashioned English apple, probably from the Victorian era. A dessert apple, it fruits as early as late July. This one has been trained in the walled garden over many years.
Malus Red Sentinel
Crab apple
Green leaves emerge bronze coloured and have red-tinted stems. Flowers grow 4 to 8 together and are single. In bud the flowers are pink but they turn white when open. Bright red fruits later in the season.
Parrotia persica
Persian ironwood
Closely related to the witch-hazel, Hamamelis. It is native to Iran's Caspian region. It was named by Carl Anton von Meyer to honor his predecessor at the University of Dorpat, German naturalist Georg Friedrich Parrot.
Picea abies
Norway spruce
Native to N, C and E Europe. Branchlets typically hang downwards, and it has the largest cones of any spruce, 9–17 cm long. Used as the main Christmas tree in several countries around the world. It is large, fast-growing to 35 – 55 m tall and with a trunk diameter of 1 - 1.5 m. Named picea abies because it is like a fir (abies)
Picea omorika
Serbian spruce
Endemic to the Drina River valley in W Serbia, and E Bosnia and Herzegovina. Medium-sized, growing to 20+ m. It has a narrowly conical habit, with dark foliage, whitish beneath, in drooping sprays curving up at the tips.
Picea sitchensis
Sitka spruce
Native to Sitka in SE Alaska, and W coast of Canada and USA. It can exceed 90 m in height. Its name is derived from the community of Sitka in southeast Alaska, where it is prevalent. It accounts for around half of UK commercial plantations. Cones have crinkled and toothed margins; needles are flattened when viewed in a cross section, and have a woody peg at the base of every needle.
Pinus sylvestris
Scots pine
Native to northern Europe. Mature trees grow to 35m and can live for up to 700 years. The bark is a scaly orange-brown, which develops plates and fissures with age.
Platanus x hispanica
London Plane
A hybrid of American sycamore and Oriental plane, it was first discovered in the 17th century then widely planted in the 18th. It can grow to 35 m and live for several hundred years. The bark is olive green to grey, with large scaly plates that peel off to reveal a creamy bark beneath. Young twigs are green-brown.
Prunus avium
Wild cherry
A.k.a. gean. Wide native range across Europe. Growing 15–32 metres tall, with a trunk up to 1.5 m in diameter. Young trees show strong apical dominancethe main, central stem of the plant is dominant over other side stems; with a straight trunk and symmetrical conical crown.
Prunus padus
Bird cherry
A small tree or large shrub native to Britain. It has bitter black cherries, only eaten by birds - hence the name. It bears masses of long tails of white blossom in early spring, though sadly we were too early for this one to be in flower. This tree was layering itself to create another bush. Positioned on the right of the wildflower meadow, near the lake.
Prunus shirofugen
Japanese cherry
Medium-sized tree with large double flowers, pink in bud, opening to pure white - hence the Japanese name meaning "White God". Possibly the largest of all the Japanese Cherries
Quercus cerris
Turkey oak
Native to SE Europe and Asia Minor. It can grow to 30m. Introduced to the UK as an ornamental in the 18th century, but is now impacting our native oak populations - it is much faster growing.
Taxus baccata
Yew
Yew is present at Hutton both as natural growth forms (Irish and Common) and as topiary specimens. The topiary is old and long established - look at the width of the trunk on this specimen. It is native to Britain and much of Europe, NW Africa and SW Asia. All parts are posionous.
Taxus baccata fastigiata
Irish yew
All Irish yews are descended from cuttings of one tree found in County Fermanagh in the 1700s. It has been commonly planted in churchyards.
Thujopsis dolobrata
Hiba
Hiba is a medium to large evergreen coniferous tree, reaching heights of up to 40 m with a 1.5 m trunk diameter, with red-brown bark which peels in vertical strips. It is native to Japan. It is in the cypress family; very similar to thuja.
Tilia platyphyllos
Large leaved lime
Large-leaved lime is the rarest of our native limes and is only subtly different from small-leaved lime. The bark is darker than that of small-leaved lime, and smooth, developing flaky plates with age.
Tilia tomentosa
Silver lime
Native to SE Europe and SW Asia. A large, deciduous tree growing to 20–35 m tall, with a trunk up to 2 m in diameter, of variable habit but usually broadly pyramidal. Erect branches are often pendent at their tips with white-felted shoots. Rounded leaves 5-13 cm long are sharply-toothed, dark green above and covered in a silvery-white felt beneath, turning yellow in the autumn. Fragrant, small, creamy-white flowers are borne in late summer.
